PAB in Singapore | Important Certifications & LTA Rules You Need To Know for E-Bikes

E-Bikes, formally known as Power Assisted Bikes (PABs) — are used recreationally and professionally, with riders ranging from just wanting a fun time, to delivery riders who make a living through their PAB. 

But in Singapore, not all PABs are created equal. Increasingly, low-priced models are being sold through overseas online marketplaces or unverified local sellers. Some of these PABs do not meet the necessary safety requirements, and can carry higher fire and electrical risks. 

While the lower price may be tempting, buying these PABs can lead to costly consequences, from customs seizure to safety hazards and even fines.

Before you buy, here's what you need to know about Singapore's PAB rules and the essential certifications that protect your safety and compliance.

⁉️PAB or PMD?

PABs, or Power-Assisted Bikes, are often misclassified by the public as PMDs, but they do have their distinctions. 

*Cycling paths include Park Connector Network (PCN) paths

Typically, PMAs will have 3 or more wheels, while PABs and PMDs only have 2 wheels.

Credits: Land Transport Authority (LTA)

📜 Understanding LTA Rules for PABs

In Singapore, LTA classifies any motorised pedal-assist bicycle as a Power-Assisted Bicycle (PAB).

Key rules:

• Max width: 70 cm
• Max unladen weight: 20 kg
• Max device speed: 25 km/h
• Certifications: Must be EN15194-certified
• Registration: Must be registered with LTA

Usage rules:

• Cannot be modified in any way (speed, weight, power, battery)
• Rider must be 16 years old and above
• Rider must have taken the Online Theory Test for Electric Bicycles
• A pillion must be 16 years old and above, but does not need to have taken theory test
• Allowed on cycling paths, shared paths, park connectors, and roads.
• Allowed on public transport, but only if it can fold into a size of 120 cm by 70 cm by 40 cm and below. PABs that are unable to fold, and/or are larger than this size, are not allowed.
• Not allowed on footpaths and pedestrian-only paths
• Helmets are required when riding on roads
• For use with professional work, such as food delivery, third-party liability insurance is mandatory.
• For standard daily use, third-party liability is not required, but recommended.

If a PAB fails these criteria, it cannot be legally used on public paths — regardless of where it was purchased.

These rules are up-to-date as of 26th November 2025. Please check the LTA Website for latest news.

Credits: Land Transport Authority (LTA)

📝 Registration and Inspection

Before you ride, you must make sure your device is registered with LTA. You can check this on the official LTA portal.

If your device is not registered, you must first ensure your device is in compliance with the key rules above, such as size limitations and international certifications. Then, you can follow this official LTA document on how to register the device.

When purchasing second-hand, you must ensure the seller officially transfers the ownership to you via the LTA portal. If you buy a device that is still registered to the previous owner, you could be held liable for all their fines.

It is also the owner's responsibility to ensure the PAB undergoes a mandatory inspection every 2 years at an LTA-authorised inspection centre. 

✅ MOBOT PMDs Are Already Registered

When you purchase a PMD from MOBOT, you can skip this step entirely as all our devices are already registered under LTA, and the transfer of ownership will be done before you receive your E-Scooter.

Credits: Land Transport Authority (LTA)

📋 Why Certifications Matter

Certified PABs are tested for fire safety, electrical safety, and compliance. They ensure your device is safe to charge, operate, and legal for use.

Safety Mark for Chargers

• Issued by Enterprise Singapore to ensure electrical products meet local safety standards, this standard prevents risks like overheating, short-circuiting, and fire hazards.
• ✅ All MOBOT PABs come with Safety Mark-certified chargers, so you can charge your PAB safely at home.

EN 15194 Standard

• EN15194 is a mandatory standard for PABs in Singapore. It evaluates the entire electrical system, including the battery, wiring, controller, and charging behaviour.
• This test has been determined by LTA to be the most accurate in testing real-world environments, as the EN15194 standard tests the device as a whole, instead of each part on its own.
• Any device without the EN15194 certification will be considered non-compliant.
• ✅ All MOBOT PABs have achieved EN15194 Certification, showing they meet rigorous internal safety and performance standards.

⚠️ The Risks of Cheap, Unverified PABs

When you buy an uncertified or non-compliant PAB online, you risk:

• Fire or electrical hazards from unsafe batteries or chargers.
• Mechanical failure such as sudden brake malfunction or power loss.
• No local warranty or support, making repairs expensive or impossible.
• Customs seizure if the product doesn’t meet LTA standards.
• Fines or enforcement if used on public paths illegally.

🚩 List of Legal Consequences

Thinking about breaking a rule? Think again! These are just some of the charges you may face if you choose to break the law.

• For riding without having taken the online theory test, a fine of up to $2,000 and/or up to 6 months in jail may be handed out.
• For riding dangerously, even on designated areas, a fine of up to $10,000 and/or up to 1 year in jail may be issued.
• For using a mobile device while riding, you may face up to $1,000 in fines and/or up to 3 months in jail.
• For riding on non-designated areas, such as pedestrian-only paths, a fine of $2,000 and/or up to 3 months in jail for first time offenders. Repeat offenders can face fines of up to $5,000 and/or 6 months in jail.
• For riding on an expressway, you can face up to $2,000 in fines, and/or 3 months in jail.
• For using a non-compliant device, you can face up to $10,000 in fines, and/or 6 months in jail for first time offenders. Repeat offenders can face fines of up to $20,000 and/or 12 months in jail, including device seizure.
  
• For modifying your own or others' PAB, you can face a fine of up to $20,000 and/or 2 years in jail, including device seizure.

All of the above laws are referenced under the Active Mobility Act.

👍🏼 How to Buy a Safe, Compliant PAB in Singapore

• Buy from an authorised local retailer — they handle compliance, warranty, and after-sales support.
• Ask for proof of certification — EN15194 reports, Safety Mark Charger.
• Test the device before purchase — check for comfort, control, and stability.
• Confirm LTA compliance — size, weight, and speed must be within legal limits.

🚧 How to Ensure Your Safety with PABs

All PABs, even LTA-compliant ones, pose a fire risk if not handled properly. Aside from ensuring compliance, you should also follow these tips to stay safe with using any PAB. 

• Store and charge your batteries in a cool and sheltered environment.
• Ensure your battery does not overheat during standard use.
• Inspect your battery regularly, checking for cracks, swelling, or abnormal sounds.
• Do not leave your battery plugged in after it is fully charged.
• Ensure your charger has a safety mark.
  
• Ensure your device, charger, and battery are compatible with one another.
• Only purchase from reputable and trusted sources.
• Ensure your device is fully legal and certified.

📌Conclusion

PABs like E-Bikes are a fun way to get around, but only when you abide by the rules and restrictions set in place by LTA to ensure the safety of yourself and of those around you. 

Buying an uncertified, cheap PAB may save money upfront, but the risks to your safety, legal standing, and mobility far outweigh the savings.

All MOBOT PABs come with Safety Mark-certified chargers, ensuring safe and reliable charging at home. All of MOBOT's PABs are also EN15194-certified, which guarantees performance, stability, and durability under rigorous international testing. MOBOT handles registration and compliance at the point of sale. However, it is up to the owner to ensure the device remains compliant and safe to use.